How Facebook Can Be Used For A Constructive Business Or...

be used for a constructive business or studies is spent searching for tweets and topics or people. Some users infect us with hate especially on matters politics and there are at times abusive discussions and law breaking by certain individuals. As a twitter user I am exposed to all these follies. Facebook on the other hand helps me find old friends and get in touch with them, it ensures that my cycle of friends keeps increasing and it is a way to connect with people who share the same likes. Once in a while I go to facebook to find updates and news that is not anywhere on the media. A major drawback of facebook is speculations and exaggerations of events, spread of hate messages and use of violent languages by some users. LinkedIn helps in shaping a professional life and gives information of what your professional network is up to, it enables one gather necessary information on well paying companies and the skills they seek for as well as help professional write their resumes in a captivating manner. It has a shortcoming in that some users are swindlers and pretends to be potential employers while they only seek unsuspecting users and cones them into giving out money or crucial information about them. Instagram on the other hand is beneficial in studying the way other people live from the photos they share and a platform to discover more on the social perspectives. It has a disadvantage of being relatively less informative on the current issues and has some nasty users inShow MoreRelatedSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1359 Words   |  6 PagesFacebook, like most of the internet, is an excellent innovation that has become a part of our daily lives. It presents us with an opportunity to intermingle with a much broader network of people. You can form your own online individuality, while also learning how social media supports the creation of new relationships and communities. For the people who want to be entrepreneurs, it might be an introduction to business as you think of how to â€Å"promote yourself. Individuals with particular social identitiesRead MoreA Brief Note On Social Media And Advertising1469 Words   |  6 Pagesthe potential pool of consumers by placing a digital advertisement on a social media site. This can have positive impacts for companies wishing to expand their customer base, but also it is a draw back for the consumers who are constantly assaulted with ads about items or services they have recently viewed in another browser. Television commercials are still very prominent, but social media advertising can reach a larger number of people per dollar. For example, a company could purchase ten minutesRead MoreFacebook : The Positive And Negative Effects Of Facebook Addiction1309 Words   |  6 PagesFacebook Addiction Have you ever imagined your life without Facebook? These days Facebook has become an essential part of our life. Facebook usage involves both the simple use of the site and the level of cognitive engagement with the site. Its use means the existence of individual users on the social website, frequent visits, time committed to this site, and the kind of activities undertaken. People of different ages interact and exchange information; they share picture and videos, discuss issuesRead MoreCommunication Theories And Its Impact On The Data1731 Words   |  7 Pagesalso been extended on the procedures integrated while collecting data and how the collected data will be analyzed and presented. The fourth section is where the study results have been presented with a clear overview of the hypotheses that have been integrated in the study. Discussion of the results is another significant section of the paper that will provide a deeper interpretation of the collected and analyzed data. In this case, relevant communication theories, some of which had been addressedRead MoreIs the Internet Good for Us?1494 Words   |  6 Pagesmedia platforms. Students use the Internet as their primary research instrument. The Internet is the source for current news information for a large number of people. News on browsers consist of teaser sentences and if people are interested, they can click to find out more. The PEJ’s 2010 State of the News Report looked at the habits of six out of 10 Americans who say they get at least some of their news online during a typical day. Each person visits four sites and spends three minutes on eachRead MoreA Proposed Internet Policy for America W est650 Words   |  3 PagesAmerica West recognizes that the internet can assist America West in enhancing its brand and creating communication and knowledge, but if not monitored, it can also be abused and ultimately become detrimental to the company. We have a company full of intelligent and responsible people who work hard and commit their work for the betterment of this company. Im not proposing this new internet policy because I think we have serious problems, I am suggesting we put into place a new internet policy withRead MoreThe Final Summative Task Of Business Leadership1582 Words   |  7 PagesFor the final summative task in Business Leadership, each group had to create a small business, and sell its product to the student body during Venture week. My group’s idea was to put a spin on iced coffee by creating delicious and unique versions of iced coffee. Individually, I feel like I was a large factor in my group’s success. My first major contribution to the team was coming up with the name for the company. I suggested the name â€Å"Icely Done† as it is catchy, funny, and relates to the productRead MoreReflection Of A Discourse Community1591 Words   |  7 Pagessuccessful individual knows that his or her achievement depends on a community of persons working together.† We do not often realize how important it is for everybody to work together to achieve a goal. A community is a group of individual people gathered together to form a whole, like a school, local church, government entity, non-profit organization, sport team, etc. This whole can make reference to a discourse community. According to John Swales, discourse communities are unions where individuals haveRead MoreWomen, Work, And The Can Be Used As A Guide For Empower Nurses1292 Words   |  6 Pages(Fletcher, 2007). In this paper, I will discuss how Lean in: Women, Work and the Will to Lead, (Sandberg, 2013) can be used as a guide to empower nurses by using clear examples from the author’s experiences in the business world and applying them to nursing. I will also be discussing how the book has enlighten me and how I will be applying the advice to my own professional career. By empowering nurses, the perception of nurses can positively change and it can viewed by everyone as a profession of leadersRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Employee Performance1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe following annotated bibliography with the use of six peer-reviewed articles outlines the impact social media has had on business and management communication. Social media has changed so much for the world; it has connected people from all over with the click of a button. Even though social media has been a game-changer for many businesses and a vital tool for communication, it has brought along of negative outcomes. The articles I have researched demonstrate both pros and cons for the use of

Organizational Behavior Personality Trait of Extraversion...

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Managing and enhancing the work behavior and pattern in an Organization is one very important attribute of Organizational Behavior. This is why global small and large businesses today adapts to the improvement of work pattern and invest more into innovation in order to achieve their Organizational goals. The introduction and adaptation of the internet to the world as till today not reached is maximum potential has it has become a rare and most useful tool in the social, business environment. Large and growing businesses today have choses to use this medium has a useful tool executing ad improving work. They have also engaged in various methods to achieve a level of positive potential in reaching individuals and interested parties. The purpose of this assignment is to analyze the Organizational Behavior in the aspect the personality trait of extraversion and sales. Study how they perform their tasks and experiment ways to improve the way tasks are being performed and present to them a solution which is the creation of the company personal e-commerce system that will solve a real issue in the company of choice as related to F.W. Taylor principle of codifying new methods of performing tasks into written rules and standard operating systems. Since 1994 till date e-commerce became a possibility has it is one of the most prominent ways the internet has changed out lives for the better. Users and employees has security issues at the early years until MozillaShow MoreRelatedPersonality As Predictor, Personality, And General Knowledge1305 Words   |  6 PagesPersonality as Predictor According to Kluemper, Bing, and McLarty (2014), a person’s reputation is based on their past experiences. Also, managers use a person’s past performance to predict the person’s future performance. This essay provides a definition of a measure and discusses how leaders measure the personality trait of employees to explain their job performance. Also, how managers use organizational past performance to predict future performance. Also, the paper describes how leaders use employeesRead MoreThe Theories Of Leadership Styles1445 Words   |  6 Pagesprovided a solid foundation to the teachings of organizational development. In many circles he was known as the father of organizational development. He was best known for the development of field theory. Field theory was essential because it allowed business professionals to understand why undesirable behaviors was produced. It also taught how to bring about desirable behaviors. Field theory was developed in part becaus e Lewin wanted to address organizational employee turnover. Furthermore, field theoryRead MoreThe Four Task Of Management And Why They Are Important Essay942 Words   |  4 Pages The Four task of Management and Why they are Important â€Å"Management is the planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of mankind and other resources to achieve organizational goals efficiently and effectively (University, p 4 2011)†. The greatest achievement of an organization is to provide goods and services that customer’s value. The managerial department of an organization has the power to determine the performance of the employee’s, which directly affects the quality of the service orRead MoreTo what extend personality predicts employee performance?1696 Words   |  7 Pagesand explanations on how personality predicts employee performance. This essay will explore both negative and positive ways in which personality can predict the performance, as well as explaining what personality is. Past research has â€Å"demonstrated that personality constructs are associated with work performance, with some traits like conscientiousness predicting success around jobs. Other linked with specific occupations e .g. extraversion correlates with success in sales and management as well asRead MoreWorking At Peak Efficiency And Employee Job Performance1508 Words   |  7 Pagesto achieve a collective goal. Management is the process of achieving these organizational goals by working through people and other organizational resources (McShane, Olekalns, Travaglione 2013). A necessary criteria for an organisation to operate at peak efficiency is to maximise employee job performance. A clear understanding of the personality that comprise their employees is quintessential for employers. Personality is the unique and relatively enduring pattern of thinking, feeling and actingRead MoreThe Potential Of The Five Factor Personality Model1126 Words   |  5 PagesMG4C2: Organizational Behavior ‘The potential of the Five Factor personality model to predict employee performance has been overestimated.’ Discuss. Personality can be defined as the qualities that make a person’s ‘unique’ character. The Five Factor personality model is described as a ‘hierarchical organization of personality traits in terms of 5 dimensions’ (McCrae and John, 2005) that can be used to describe personality. These ‘Big Five’ factors are Openness, Conscientiousness, ExtraversionRead MoreThe Big Five Dimensions Of Personality1456 Words   |  6 PagesDimensions of Personality Today, many researchers consider that they are five core personality traits. Evidence of this theory has been growing over the past 50 years, beginning with the research of D. W. Fiske (1949) and later expanded upon by other researchers including Norman (1967), Smith (1967), Goldberg (1981), and McCrae Costa (1987). The big five are broad categories of personality traits. While there is a major body of literature supporting this five-factor model of personality, researchersRead MoreFactors That Affect Employee Performance Essay1836 Words   |  8 Pagesdifferences to work. They have a variety of personalities, which differentiate one from another. Basically, personality refers to individual differences in characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and behaving (Pappas, 2013). Each person has a unique personality that distinguishes a person from another. Personality affects all aspects of a person’s performance, even how employee reacts toward his/her job. When people enter into organizations, their personalities can affect how they behave and performRead MoreFactors That Affect Employee Performance Essay1832 Words   |  8 Pagesdifferences to work. They have a variety of personalities, which differentiate one from another. Basically, personality refers to individual differences in cha racteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and behaving (Pappas, 2013). Each person has a unique personality that distinguishes a person from another. Personality affects all aspects of a person’s performance, even how employee reacts toward his/her job. When people enter into organizations, their personalities can affect how they behave and performRead MoreWho Is Serving As A Customer Service Manager For A Major Retail Bank1209 Words   |  5 PagesIndividual Behavior Assignment Currently serving as a customer service manager for a major retail bank. Oversees fulfillment operations department, which consists of a team of 25 associates who process west coast banking center accounts. Items that our department fulfills are statement, items and research inquires. We receive inquires for many bank products such as checking, saving, certificate of deposits, credit cards, individual retirement accounts and line of credits. We work with customers,

Controversial Issues Of Traditional Arts Essay Paper Example For Students

Controversial Issues Of Traditional Arts Essay Paper Controversial issues of traditional arts Kick Mayans could be haunted. it is a Malay traditional dance from the State of Termagant in Malaysia accompanied by a unique song called leek Mayans the lyrics were changed (no one knows the real lyrics) the song remains popular and there are several contemporary interpretations Of the song the original dance is to honor the spirit Of the sea. The modern dance has no elements of worship, its more to music and dance. After the arrival of Islam, such practice has been stopped and the Cycle Mayans dance s only preserved to be part of the Malay culture. Even now, leek Mayans is nicknamed the Most Haunted Culture in Malaysia.. However, some fishermen still practice this ritual. Agree: Some people claim that the song is haunted because it gives Goosebumps and creepy feelings especially when it is performed at sunset by the beach people tend to avoid practicing it nearby any beaches around the world, as according to the ancients beliefs; thos e 7 Sea-princesses shall always guard the Seas, Whoever that breaks certain rules, no matter where they are, will pay the price. There has been cases of tourists jumping into the sea for no reason after they performed Like Mayans along the north-eastern beaches of Peninsular Malaysia. Some cases happen on land too. Going missing and receiving visits were the greatest fear whenever one performs Leek Mayans. Disagree: According to status, Cycle Mayans is not a ghost or jinn. Its a popular song in Termagant and is a type of alga rackety. The leek Mayans song used nowadays has been shortened as Malay count the full song as worshipping spirits which is Syria in Islam. The Malaysian rock diva, Ella once sung the song in a rock version Pico Pico dance choreographed with sequence of steps. it is a type of aerobic dance believed to originated in Indonesia more than 20 years ago Menstruate Swastikas Fatwa Niger Opera banned Pico- Pico because they believe it is derived from Christianity. The dance originated from Jamaica and is actually a cult dance There are many Christian rituals to it as the moves reflect the making of a cross and so is unacceptable in Islam The Malaysian Muslims are confused. There is no any literature or practical evidence showing that Pico-Pico is derived from Christianity either in Indonesia, Philippine or Jamaica. Pico Pico movements with cross design can not be a sufficient justification because movement Of left and right sides is a natural human movement. Even When human stretch his hands, it can be considered illegal if the method resembles the cross. Masseurs curse: Myth or Legend? Summary: One day while Masseurs husband was away fighting a war, Mashers offered shelter to a wandering minstrel, For that, Mashers was accused of omitting adultery by the village chieftains wife. The village chieftain who was still smarting over Masseurs rejection of his earlier marriage proposal, ordered Mashers to be condemned to death. It was said that at her execution Mashers bled white blood signifying her innocence. At her last breath, Mashers was said to utter a curse on Language for which the island will remain barren for seven generations Many locals of Language believe the legend to be true due to failed crops after Masseurs death. According to recorded history, the Siamese invaded Language not long after Masseurs death and razed the island to the ground with a scorched earth policy. And coincidentally, Language did not become a major tourist hotshot until the birth of Wan Aisha bat Wan Anyway, the seventh generation descendant Of Mashers. Some people think Masseurs story most likely is real and the killing of Mashers most likely took place, but the curse of Language and her white blood must be a part of myth because there is no prove or evidence. in this modern and science world, people think its logically untrue for a normal human being to have white blood

The Relationship Between Epistemology and Metaphysics Essay Essay Example

The Relationship Between Epistemology and Metaphysics Essay Paper In many ways epistemology clears the manner for metaphysical building or hypothesis. By adhering to the rules of one subdivision of doctrine. it allows us to go better at seeking within the other. It is true that epistemological thoughts are frequently knocked down by metaphysics. but when one considers that it is wholly possible to establish metaphysical thoughts on epistemology. it becomes clear that the subdivisions of doctrine are really much intertwined and slightly mutualist upon each other for lucidity and ground. It is a unusual philosophical mutualism from which a magnificent and new being emerges. We know that the end of metaphysics is to somehow develop an across-the-board hypothesis as to what the ultimate nature of the existence is and world itself. The human head being the manner it is. will non accept any of the possibilities unearthed by metaphysical oppugning unless it is in portion rationalized by epistemological enquiry. For illustration. the old inquiry about the tree falling in the forests. would it still do sound if no 1 was at that place to hear it? Well scientific discipline and its epistemological thirst for cognition has solved that inquiry by uncovering the being of sound moving ridges. which would be at that place irrespective of the emptiness of the forests. We will write a custom essay sample on The Relationship Between Epistemology and Metaphysics Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Relationship Between Epistemology and Metaphysics Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Relationship Between Epistemology and Metaphysics Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Or has it? On the surface epistemology seems to hold solved the inquiry but the fact is metaphysically talking it has non been solved at all because the inquiry was about the nature of world itself. and whether or non the world of the tree falling would even be if there was no 1 to see it. Would the existence merely withdraw the part itself that was non being experienced by anyone? This inquiry can non be answered by either subdivision. but perchance by a combination of the two. With respects to epistemology. the universe really exists as a series of images. thoughts and concrete signifiers that can be interacted with. Yet despite the nonsubjective mentions that are this universe. it still can non be explained or even researched in an epistemological manner without first meeting some profound inquiries which in bend lead to farther quandary. The inquiry as to how one grounds is one such quandary. yet this inquiry and the myriad possibilities that arise from it falls partly in the sphere of metaphysics. Epistemology. in order to map as it is supposed to. must accept that cognition can be communicated and that world is a measure that can be known. at least to some extent. Because there must be an implicit in similarity between persons in order be able to pass on this cognition. so there must be at some degree a similarity between human heads and that means that the constructs tied up in metaphysics must be linked to epistemology. This unusual dualism does non take away from either construct ; so it really enhances each one. By giving up dependance on the construct of uninterrupted world. something outside scientific discipline. epistemology does non release nonsubjective truth ; alternatively it grabs holds of it even more tightly and wraps itself up in the dualism created by its mutualism with metaphysics. The nucleus constructs espoused by both of these subdivisions of doctrine are non at bosom incompatible. in fact we see that the antonym is rather true. Merely as the foundation of epistemological enquiry is the belief in the being of things. it is merely disposed that it should be counterbalanced by metaphysics. which inquiries that really existence. Without this both subdivisions would be in provinces of instability. There is a correlativity within and between epistemology and metaphysics which clearly demonstrates a relationship of mutuality between these nucleus constructs of doctrine. Conventionally there is believed to be a crisp differentiation between them. but at close scrutiny it becomes clear that these two subdivisions of doctrine far from being distant signifier each other are really elaborately intertwined. It is hence of import when going down either of these waies of wisdom to non merely tread lightly. but with our caput turned in the way of the other facet because with each of them steadfastly taking our custodies as we travel. we are apt to go baffled and lose our manner.

Leadership Through Example essays

Leadership Through Example essays The most important aspect of any culture is the people. Great nations like the United States were establish through the understanding that people are the most valuable resource of a nation, and it is the responsibility of the leaders to ensure that the people are respected. The central focus of a good leader should always be to maintain the well being of the people - especially during time of war. This understanding breeds patriotism and heroes. A prime example of good leadership is exemplified in Chief Crazy Horse of the Sioux Tribe during the 19th century when the migrating European and American settlers were expanding westward. Chief Crazy Horse recognized that the settlers had no respect for his land, beliefs or his people. He valiantly defended his culture against the intrusion of the settlers, and placed his love and respect for his people above everything. Chief Crazy Horse is a prime candidate for the presidency because he demonstrated great integrity by building a leadership based solely on a tremendous respect for his people. Crazy Horse had enormous respect for his people as individuals. Perhaps the single most important ingredient for successful leadership is respect. He considered the lives of his people equal or even more important than his own. One way in which this was demonstrated was on the battlefield. Numerous accounts and paintings of battle scenes reveal that during an assault, as Crazy Horse led his men into battle, never allowing any of his warriors to pass him. "In advancing upon an enemy, none of his warriors were allowed to pass him" ("Crazy Horse Quotes"). Crazy Horse was also a generous man. He was known to have consistently shown charity toward the poor, lived a humble life and given away spoils of war (with the exception of weapons.) "It was a point of honor with him never to keep anything for himself, excepting weapons of war" ("Crazy Horse Quotes"). As a result of the respect Crazy Horse displayed fo...

PostTraumatic Stress Disorder essays

PostTraumatic Stress Disorder essays Have you ever witnessed someone being badly injured or even killed? Have you ever been involved in a fire, flood, or any other natural disaster? The estimated lifetime prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among adult Americans is 7.8%, with men calculating at 5% and women at 10.4%, twice as likely as men to have PTSD at some point in their lives. This represents a small proportion of those who have experienced at least one traumatic event, for 60.7% of men and 51.2% of women reported at least one traumatic event. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, or PTSD, is a psychiatric disorder that can occur in victims who experience or witness life-threatening events, and this disorder can be familiarized with through knowing how it was discovered, the symptoms, and the treatment of PTSD. To begin with, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is an extremely weakening condition that affects the body's normal conscience. Reports have shown the traumatic events most often associated with PTSD in men were rape, war combat exposure, childhood neglect, and childhood physical abuse. The most common events for women were rape, sexual molestation, physical attack, being threatened with a weapon, and childhood physical abuse. However, none of these events consistently produced PTSD in those exposed to it. A particular type of traumatic event does not necessarily affect different sectors of the population in the same way. Some studies show that debriefing people very soon after a catastrophic event may reduce some of the symptoms of PTSD. A study of 12,000 school children who lived through a hurricane in Hawaii found that those who received counseling early on were doing much better two years later than those who did not. People with PTSD tend to have abnormal levels of important hormones involved in response to stress. When people are in danger, they produce high levels of natural opiates, which can temporarily block pain. Scientists have ...

Multiple Sclerosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Multiple Sclerosis - Essay Example Though the real cause of this disease is not clearly known, yet researchers are of the opinion that it occurs due to the abnormal response of the immune system in a person’s body and that such an abnormal response is triggered by a virus. According to researchers, the disease is neither contagious nor inherited but definitely genetic susceptibility plays a major role. Besides the virus, the other triggers include heavy metals, trauma and other environmental triggers. ‘There is no cure for MS, but medicines may slow it down and help control symptoms.’ (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) To keep this disease under control even Physical therapy or occupational therapy would also help. In individuals suffering from multiple sclerosis, the immune system of the person is attacked by the immune cells that are sent out by the body to fight against bacteria and other viruses that attack the body. The immune cells lymphocytes, T-cells and killer cells, not only attack the myelin and the oligodendrocytes (oligo, few; dendro, branches; cytes, cells, but also destroy them completely. These killer cells not only attack the myelin but also consume it and damaging the myelin sheath, (the fatty insulation that covers the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.) The Myelin sheath is responsible for facilitating the smooth transmission of all the high- speed messages that travel between the brain, the spinal cord and the rest of the body. Therefore, when the Myelin sheath is attacked or affected, the messages cannot be sent efficiently and in many cases do not reach their destination. That is why Multiple sclerosis is called an autoimmune disease. Other autoimmune diseases are lupus and Rheumatoid arthritis. In multiple sclerosis, when the Myelin is attacked and destroyed, there is a gradual build up of scar tissue (sclerosis) occurring in multiple

The Origins of Nazi violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Origins of Nazi violence - Essay Example The idea was that the brain of a mature male was superior to that of women, and that status was also a contributing factor to intelligence as people of unexceptional talents were believed to be intellectually inferior to distinguished people. Exclusion of less equal human groups seemed like the only radical method of separating the superior races from the inferior races. This paper explores the causative factors behind the anti-Semitism in Nazi Germany, and the associated violence. The principles of equality driven by American and French revolutionaries harmonized with the belief of inequality propagated by Darwinism. Scientists created a hierarchy that grouped human beings on a single scale of intellectually, and was based on the ranks or value of the individual. As such, science in the nineteenth century was based on traditional stereotypes, and this led to unverified conclusions that the differences in human beings were inborn and could not be changed. Social Darwinism states that the competition and struggling for life is the driving force behind the evolution of the human race, and only the better suited can and should survive. A way of thinking that pushes for fairness and enlightenment of all humanity is not favored by this doctrine. The importance of struggle in human society cannot be denied. Co-operation among individuals to form organized relationships can be modeled after the Darwinian model. It can be argued that without the struggling for existence, societies would not have evolved as much as they have. People join to form small groups, and further consolidate into bigger communities that are organized to bring about development that has led to civilization, and has been made possible due to inter-national and inter-tribal conflicts. Social co-operation is a consequence of combined defense and offence, and all kinds of co-operations have arisen from this synergy. The world’s population could have comprised of weak individuals living in cave s, and on wild food had it not been for the numerous battles fought amongst nations. These hostile situations forced the human society to evolve in order to survive. Just as the metazoic stage preceded the organic evolution, the social evolution begun at the meta-social stage. It was as a result of two or more clans coming together as a unified multifaceted community. The mutual invasion of personal space that is characteristic of any situation that brings together strangers is bound to breed hostility, and the result is war. Battles have either one of two outcomes; a group either conquers the other or is enslaved. Economic input in terms of labor begins when the enslaved nation is forced to work for the conquering nation. This was the only sure way of teaching human beings how to labor, and as such, it was the starting point of the whole industrial system of society. The human species may be degraded down to humiliating levels if nations lacked the will to fight each other. This is because war is one of the key facilitators of progress as it keeps countries on alert in anticipation of possible attacks. This shows that mankind and civilization as we know it, is sustained only through struggle and determination. In this line of thought, then the greatest threat to human society would be global peace, as the threat of external foes would be a non-existent concern. Science did not have to validate racism as it was already

Nursing Managment Essay Example for Free

Nursing Managment Essay Article Review of â€Å"A Handoff Report Card for General Nursing Orientation This article examines the strengths and weakness of the orientation process of new grads or new nurses to a unit or hospital. By the use of a 100 point score report card containing a summary of the nurses skills, knowledge, and also use of the Benner which measure clinical performance and critical thinking. The article addresses the use of a report card to better communicate the strengths and weakness of the orientees’. This report card is handed off to the next person in whom the new nurses will orient. The handoff is designed to create continuity and accuracy. An example of the type of data that would be measured by the handoff report includes items such as the nurses’ experiences and documentation of strengths and areas that need to be developed or improved. The report card is based on 3 assessments 1. The orientees own self-assessment 2. The instructor’s assessment 3. Competition of competencies From the first day on the unit, the nurse identifies his/her learning type using Benner’s Theory. This provides the nurse with a baseline of where their own individual level of development has reached, as well as, the preceptor, manager, or instructor. Secondly, the instructor assessment measures the orientees’ knowledge and performance. This report card is divided into 4 areas of measurement. The types of areas of measurement are areas such as: nursing interventions, documentation, critical thinking, nursing behaviors, clinical judgment, and several other areas. The last area of measurement is the nurses’ skill level. Several types of competencies were set up to determine if the nurse was competent to function on the unit. In conclusion, the report card was discussed with the leadership team, so that the orientation is more focused on the needs of the oreintee, based on the unit in which the orientee is being trained to work. As I was reading this article, it re minded me of an article that we had read at work. In the American Journal of Critical Care 2009, there was a research study completed to determine the best way to evaluate the new grads, new nurses, and it also evaluated the current nursing staff. In the study, most of the data that was returned was from the new grads. The suspected reasoning was the enthusiasm of the new grads. But the overall outcome, was positive, but mostly helped the management team to better evaluate the competency of their nurses. Currently, in the unit I work in we are challenged with determining the strengths and weakness of our newly hired nurses. Some of the nurses stated that they came to our unit with experience from different venues; however, their level of care has left us with many voids. I personally, enjoyed both articles and the effort of increasing critical thinking and professional behaviors on the clinical floor. Remember we all one day may be patients. Hargraves, L., Nichols, A., Shanks, S., Halamak, L. (2010). A Handoff Report Card for General Nursing Orientation. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 40(10), 424-431. Kleinpell, R. (2009). Evidenced Based Review Discussion Points. American Journal of Critical care, 18(3), 261-262.

Hamlet and Tragedy Essay -- essays papers

Hamlet and Tragedy Hamlet: A Tragedy When you think of William Shakespeare, Hamlet is the first thing most people think of, as his work. Hamlet is also a classic example of a tragedy. In all tragedies the hero suffers, and usually dies at the end. All good pieces of literature written way back when, are usually tragedies. The most important element is the amount of free will the character has. In every tragedy, the character must display free will. If every action is controlled by a hero's destiny, then the hero's death can't be avoided, and in a tragedy the sad part is that it could. Hamlet's death could have been avoided many times. Hamlet had many opportunities to kill Claudius, but did not take advantage of them. He also had the option of making his claim public, but instead he chose not too. In Hamlet, although Hamlet dies, it is almost for the best. His life was not worth living anymore, with his parents and Ophelia dead. Also, although Hamlet dies, he is able to kill Claudius and get rid of the e...

How I (Almost) Saved the Earth Essay

There are a lot of factors when considering building a â€Å"green† home. In Adams’ article â€Å"How I Almost Saved the Earth,† he states that the greenest house any one could ever build is a house that is never built. This is true, but to most people this will not be a reasonable way to spend their lives. Therefore, if one wanted to build a house with the least environmental impact to the planet, plenty of planning and research will have to take place in order to achieve this type of house. Aspects Adams’ mentions that should be focused on is what type of climate the house is being built in, finding knowledgeable architects and contractors of green building solutions and local building codes, researching green products, and how much extra money can be put into these green solutions. These main aspects in planning a green home will have the best outcome. Determining what climate that the house is being built in is most important, and mainly effect how any house will built. Northern climate houses focus on maintaining heat whereas southern climate houses focus on keeping the heat out. With this in mind an eco-friendly furnace would not be necessary in southern climates. Another aspect determined by climate is the windows. As Adams put it, â€Å"windows bleed heat,† the less windows the better for maintaining temperature. As for southern climates, having many or big windows on the east and/or west side of the house is not a cost effective way of planning a build. Attic fans can also be determined depending on climate. Attic fans draw in outside air to cool the attic in southern climates, whereas as in northern climates drawing in air is not a feasible way of maintaining heat. Another way of regulating temperature is the material used for the walls inside of the house. Stonework is most efficient, along with a solid foundation.  Roofs are a main aspect that needs to be considered with the climate. The most efficient means of a roof in the souther n climate would be a white roof because white is the color that produces the most heat reflection from the sun. Adams mentions a garden roof, which can be a great way to regulate temperature inside the house, but considering the maintenance and the actual cost of this feature is absurd. The way to put all these aspects together is finding knowledgeable help from contractors and architects. It could take some time to find the right people, but will help greatly with experienced knowledge. They will know the current local building codes, knowing which materials that can be used and how they should be used. They will also know whether or not if code requires a radiant barrier. Either way, it should be at the top of the list to be installed. One option Adams mentions for the home is a photovoltaic system. It can be a great way of diminishing the electric bill, in theory, but times have not yet caught up with the technology. Plus, solar panels can be very expensive. Once electric companies can install homes with appropriate meters and the price of home solar photovoltaic systems drop, this option w ill be a great addition to every home. All of these aspects will be factored into my plans for a house of my own, mainly due to the reason I’d like to keep my home at a constant cool temperature. Considering my house would be in a southern climate, most aspects I mentioned would be placed in my plans. My house would be compiled mostly of stone for the walls with a think foundation. In my opinion, I like the way stone houses look. I would keep the number of windows to a minimum. Let’s say if I’d like to sleep during the day, it’ll at least be dark and cool. As for the roof, I think ill skip on the white roof and go with a natural green colored aluminum, or copper roof. These metals do not retain a lot heat and will typically last longer than shingled roof. The attic fan and radiant barrier will definitely be installed to help with keep the attic cool. For the rest of the property, landscaping with be structured with materials and plants that require the least maintenance and watering. Sorry, no white-pebbled lawn for me, I’ll stick to my blue grass. Another feature Adams placed in his house was a system that flows warm water through the entire floor. I can’t see this as being much of a green option. It takes energy to constantly warm the water. I think this as more of a comfort feature. If your floor is cold put some socks on, or  buy a rug. I can’t say my house would be entirely green, but I’ll do my best with what I’m able work with. Most of these aspects are, more or less, common-sense but should not be ignored in the planning process. Taking everything into account, it all comes down to how much of the budget can be dedicated to green solutions. Adams states it perfectly, â€Å"Realistically, you’ll need to find a middle ground between green design and aesthetics.† If money is no limit and curd appeal is not a factor then someone could have the greenest possibly house, but most people have financial limits and standards on how their house will look. Every part of the property can b e taken into account to how green it can be; the lawn, walls, windows, roof, and foundation can be considered for green efficiency.

Planning Of A Rich Media Project For Digital Portfolio

Project management as the building blocks of various types of businesses holds important roles in defining the success or failure of these businesses, whether it is used in a daily basis or in used in lighthouse events only. As the environment changes however, project management need to face new challenges and issues brought upon it by shifting trends in the society.Concerning project management, this paper discusses how the trends have shifted and what issues are presented in the face of project management science. In the end, I will describe how project managers have responded to those challenges and create new business models and new project management initiatives.I. Case Studies and FindingsII.1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Changing Environment: Current Trends and IssuesLimited ResourcesOne of the most obvious shifts in project management trends is the limited resources provided for each project. With the level of competition and professionalism expected by investors, project managers now ar e expected to do more with less. Tighter budgets, less time and fewer resources are some of the challenges faced by modern project challenges. Using those limited resources, project managers are expected to create products and provide services which are faster, cheaper and better. The basis of the competition is now rooted in two dimensions, time-based considerations and cost based considerations. The cost based dimension has been around since the beginning, but the increasing importance of time-based considerations is the new competitive edge. Companies or project managers today are demanded to control their cost using project management techniques and to deliver product or service to the market faster than anyone.Developing a consistent approachSurveyed executives and project professionals reported that developing a consistent approach to managing projects is one of the most common challenges in today’s project management. 24% respondents believed that designing the approac h toward a project management strategy is the crucial first step. Any other steps are built upon the success of this first step. It is the foundation of the whole project. If it is managed successfully, any other steps would run smoothly in aftermath.However, due to the unpredictability of situations, project managers can sometimes decide to change their approach toward the project. More often than not, this action does not deliver solutions to the problems, but rather generate confusion and baffle the people who already have their mindset tune-in to the preliminary approach (‘Research’, 2003)Managing multiple projectsAlmost 20% of the respondents believed that it is the allocation of resources that become their huge challenge in managing their projects. The difficulty level is enhanced once the project managers must manage multiple projects at once. One of the preliminary considerations project managers must made is about choosing the right projects. 17% of the executi ve and project professionals interviewed stated that one of the most common issues for companies is that they choose too many projects to manage or they choose the wrong projects.Deciding to manage projects without the right basis of considerations will generate flawed end-result and thus flawed corporate reputation. In managing multiple projects, the extent of the challenges, whether they are from the cost-based considerations or the time-based considerations is enhanced significantly (‘Research’, 2003).Limited visibility of project activitiesAnother important challenge and the one that is increasingly discussed in recent years is the limited visibility of project activities. Increasing scope of project, complexity and increasing need to be cost and time effective enhanced the necessity to have clear visibility throughout the project duration and processes. Nevertheless, such a visibility is seldom available because it requires significant amount of investment in IT in itiatives and staff training.Companies rely on project management more.About 72.4 projects within a company is lasting less than one year, which makes them eligible for implementing the project management science 51% of these projects are considered complex or highly complex. Almost 60% of companies surveyed manage projects at the enterprise level. 44% of these surveyed companies already have an established project office and a center of excellence for project managers (Research, 2003).II.2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Requirement: The New Business ModelsII.2.1.   Improving the Project ManagerIn order to deal with the changes in today’s marketplace, companies rely on project management sciences a lot more than yesterday. This is considered a logical step because managers discovered that project management science contain a significant competitive advantage to other concept of management. Companies are now supplying their project managers with tools to manage projects efficiently, like seminars and training in project management sciences, to learn about scheduling techniques like Gantt charts and PERT diagrams. Project managers are also taught to plan ahead, be proactive yet flexible and creative in anticipating problems due to changes within the environment.II.2.2.   Developing the Project TeamProject teams also received significant raining steps. These training steps are performed to give projects teams the capability to write project specifications, estimating time, developing budgets and planning procedures within the project. The training will enhance the efficiency of the project team in planning the project. The more efficient the planning process, the easier the implementation of the project becomes. Afterwards, team members are taught to develop teamwork and team pride to help ensure the project’s success. As the level of competition increases, businesses realize the increasing value of providing project managers and project teams with those type s of trainingII.2.3.   Developing the Information Technology Department  In order to fulfill the need to have project visibility across its processes, companies and project managers turn to Information Technology. IT initiatives are the choice of 77% project managers having been surveyed, Compare to 69% believing that methodology improvement and staff training are the most crucial problems (Chaakravarty, nd).II.2.4.   OutsourcingHaving limited resources and time to manage projects efficiently, companies begin considering outsourcing the project management systems. More than 50% of companies surveyed stated that they only have 1-9 project managers on the company’s staff, others are outsourced. 25% of these surveyed companies have 10-25 project managers on staff and 39% of the companies surveyed fully outsourced their project management function or considering it.

Marie Winns 1977 book Essays

Marie Winns 1977 book Essays Marie Winns 1977 book Paper Marie Winns 1977 book Paper In this excerpt from Marie Winns 1977 book The Plug In Drug, Winn draws several parallels between drug or alcohol addiction and the television habit. Do you find Winns arguments to be persuasive? Why or why not? Television addiction is no laughing matter. According to author Marie Winn in her 1987 book Unplugging the Plug In Drug , television addiction should be viewed no differently than other serious addictions, such as drug addiction. When people become engaged in both activities their motivation is similar: pleasure and escapism. So why should a resultant addiction to both activities be any different?Although Winn makes several convincing arguments, television and drug use are ultimately not comparable due to their distinct effects on human lives. People indulge in drug use and television for similar reasons. Both activities offer an escape from daily life and a different experience of reality. Moreover, immersion in television and drugs can blot out the real world and allow for a pleasurable or indifferent state. Drugs provide a biological reinforcement of the activity and produces a pleasurable chemical response. Thus, people will repeat the activity.Television also provides a degree of reinforcement, or else people would not return to TV viewing again and again. Winns argument is compelling because she cites examples of people who become helpless to turn off the television. Even though they are ultimately dissatisfied by hours of viewing, they still fall into the same habit and return to viewing for its passive state. It is not necessarily pleasant, but it is not painful. It is a distraction from the difficulties of daily life. When people repeat escapist activities until they prefer an altered state to reality, they have become addicted. When they prefer one activity to all others it begins to impair their ability to function normally in society.This is true of any addiction, whether it is television or heroin. As a result, the addicts life becomes limited. As Winn puts it, the addict is living in a holding pattern. The addict no longer pursues other activities. However, Winns measuring stick for the impairment of addiction are productive hobbies. These might include reading or sewing. Why productive hobbies or pleasures are superior to nonproductive hobbies such as television or drugs is not clearly defined by Winn. Her point is still a valid one. Whenever a person dedicates themself to one particular purpose they are limiting their interests and experiences.There is no impetus for them to develop or diversify, as long as they find a superior pleasure in one pursuit. Sometimes the experience is not pleasure, but a passive state in which there is no motivation and no progress. The feeling that a person ought to do other things outside the benumbed practice of television viewing, but does not, indicates that peoples lives have been narrowed by their so-called addiction. Winn fails to be convincing when she goes on to further define addiction.She defines addiction not only as the desire to repeat an activity, but as the inability to be satiated by the activity upon repetition. Her argument is problematic because with drugs there is an initial guarantee of satisfaction and with television there is not. When you take a drug, there is a biological pleasure induced. It may require more each time to provide the same effect, but there is still a pleasurable experience. Televisions ability to produce pleasure is negligible. One rarely experiences a definite high from television. Unless you define addiction as a desire to achieve a state in which there is no pain, you cannot draw a comparison between television and drugs across the board.Winn does not define addiction as such. The adverse effects of an activity distinguishes it from a mere pleasure. These negative consequences characterize it as an addiction. This part of Winns definition is the most disputable. The negative effects of drugs do not compare to the negative effects of television. With drug addiction, there are definite physical harms involved. Drugs produce a state from which people cannot be sobered. Moreover, no one has ever died from a television overdose.The harms of drugs have been scientifically proven through health effects. The societal harms of drugs and television are also beyond comparison. Television has been known to cause domestic tension, but its adverse effects do not cause crime and death. The worst effects of television, according to Winn, is that it distorts time and may interfere with social relations. These worst consequences pale in comparison to the consequences of drug use. A significant element of Winns argument about the negative consequences of television addiction is that it blurs reality and that the viewer loses time. Winn overlooks that unlike drugs, a person can rouse themselves from the state of television viewing.Someone under the influence of drugs or alcohol cannot. Their impairment is physical. In addition to this, there are also physical side effects when a person curtails use of drugs. The addict becomes physically ill and unable to function normally. If a person who watches a lot of television ceases to do so, there are no such consequences. This is a crucial point, because Winn describes addiction as the inability to function normally without the activity to which one has become addicted. It would be interesting to learn in greater detail what Winn views as the negative or adverse effects of television addiction.She does not detail the impact the actual content television could have, in her chapter entitled Television Addiction. Certainly, one could see that televisions content could have an adverse impact on impressionable addicts, such as children. The act of viewing itself, not the content, is the focus of her analysis of the influence of television addiction. While some of the conditions of television addiction resemble those of drug addiction, it does not fully meet Winns criteria for addiction. She cannot give any concrete examples of televisions harms; she can only insist that it must be harmful.

Dónde tomar clases gratis para el examen de ciudadanía

Dà ³nde tomar clases gratis para el examen de ciudadanà ­a Los residentes permanentes legales pueden tomar clases gratis con numerosas organizaciones para estudiar los exmenes de inglà ©s y de conocimientos histà ³ricos y cà ­vicos, los cuales forman parte de los requisitos para adquirir la ciudadanà ­a estadounidense por el trmite de la  naturalizacià ³n. En este artà ­culo se listan 40 organizaciones - y sus respectivos nà ºmeros telefà ³nicos- ubicadas en los 12  estados con mayor poblacià ³n latina que brindan gratuitamente clases para la ciudadanà ­a. Adems, muchas de ellas tambià ©n ayudan para completar el formulario N-400, con el cual se inicia la tramitacià ³n de la solicitud de la naturalizacià ³n.   Los migrantes que residen en otros estados encontrarn, al final de este artà ­culo, un telà ©fono al que pueden marcar desde cualquier parte de Estados Unidos para solicitar informacià ³n sobre organizaciones locales que prestan este servicio. Finalmente, antes de presentar este documento se recomienda a todos los residentes permanentes verificar si califican para no pagar la tarifa correspondiente que, en la actualidad, es de $725, incluidos los $85 de la toma de los datos biomà ©tricos.  ¿Donde tomar clases gratis para examen de ciudadanà ­a? Todas las organizaciones que se listan a continuacià ³n forman parte de la campaà ±a para Nuevos Ciudadanos Americanos, liderada  por el Immigrant Legal Resource Center y del que forman parte asociaciones sin fines de lucro, fundaciones, organizaciones religiosas y despachos de abogados. Las organizaciones religiosas en este listado atienden a todos los migrantes;  es decir, no es necesario practicar su religià ³n para recibir este tipo de ayuda. Arizona International Rescue Committee. Tel: 602-433-2440Chicanos por la Causa. Tel: 602-257-0700. E-mail: infocplc.orgPromise ArizonaFriendly House. Tel: 602-416-7210. E-mail: evelynsfriendlyhouse.org, a la atencià ³n de Evelyn SenzCampesinos sin Frontera. Tel: 928-627-5995. En el condado de Yuma California Immigrant Legal Resource Center en el rea de Central Valley. Tel: 415-255-9499NALEO Educational Fund en la zona de Los AngelesInstituto Internacional del Area de la Bahà ­a, en zona de San Francisco. Tel. 415-538-8100 ext. 206Public Law Center, en el rea del condado de Orange. Tel: 714-541-1010Ready Now San Diego, en el rea de San Diego. Tel: 619-363-3423Services Immigrant Rights Educational Services, zona de Sillicon Valley. Tel: 408-453-3017 Carolina del Norte Carolina Refugee Resettlement Program. Tel: 704-535-8803  Insteep. Tel: 919-680-8000. Email: infoinstepp.orgLa Coalicià ³n. Tel: 888-839-8682. Cobra una pequeà ±a tarifa. Colorado Puede contactar a Colorado Immigrants Rights Coalition en: Denver.  Tel: 303-922-2244Montrose. Tel:970-249-4115 Florida Brevard Hispanic Center. Tel: 321-802-9516. Zona de Palm BayCatholic Legal Services. Tel: 305-372-1073 (Downtown Miami) y 305-887-8333 (Doral)Hispanic Services Council. Tel: 813-936-7700. TampaJustice Shall Be for All. Tel: 407-556-5955. Email: infojusticeshallbeforall.org. KissimmeeRedlands Christian Migrant Association. Tel: 800-282-6540. Area de Immokalee Georgia Catholic Charities of Atlanta. Tel: 770-790-3104GALEO. Tel: 885-54GALEOLatin American Association. Tel: 404-638-1800 (Atlanta), 404-702-0271 (Athens), 678-205-1018 (Lawrenceville)New American Pathways. Tel: 404-299-6099. Afiliada con el Church World Service and Episcopal Migration Ministries.Oficina del alcalde de Atlanta para Asuntos Migratorios. Email: welcomingatlantaatlantaga.gov Illinois Esperanza Legal Assistant Center. Tel: 309-732-0047Hispanic American Community Education and Services. Tel: 847-244-0300. Email: infohaces.orgIllinois Coalition for Immigrant and Refugee Rights. Tel: 855-435-7693 Nueva York Catholic Migration Services. Tel: 728-236-3000 (Brooklyn), 347-472-3500 (Queens)CUNY Citizenship Now. Tel: 646-664-9400Dominicanos USA. Tel: 718-665-0400. Email: contactdominicanosusa.orgMake the Road New York. Tel: 718-418-7690Northern Manhattan Coalition for Immigrant Rights. Tel: 212-781-0355Oficina del Alcalde de Nueva York para Asuntos Migratorios. Tel: 212-788-7654Oficina del Estado de Nueva York para Nuevos Americanos. Tel: 1-800-566-7636 Nueva Jersey Make the Road New Jersey. Tel: 908-768-4991 Nuevo Mà ©xico New Mexico State University. Tel: 575-234-9280 (Carlsbad)Catholic Charities brinda ayuda a bajo costo en 2010 Bridge SW (Albuquerque) y en 1234 San Felipe Ave (Santa Fe) Texas American Gateways. Tel: 512-478-046, ext. 200 (Austin), 210-521-4768, ext. 232/233 (San Antonio), y 512-387-2650 (Waco)Catholic Charities of Dallas. Tel: 214-634-7182Catholic Charities of Galveston and Houston. Tel: 713-526-4611Proyecto Inmigrante. Tel: 888-793-2182. Oficinas en Dallas, Fort Worth y Wichita Falls Washington Colectiva Legal del Pueblo. Tel: 206-931-1514. Email: infocolectivalegal.orgOficina de Seattle para Inmigrantes y Refugiados. Tel: 202-727-8515.One America. Realizan Dà ­as de la Ciudadanà ­a por todo el estado. Adems, desde todos los estados se puede marcar a la Asociacià ³n Nacional de Oficiales Latinos Electos  (NALEO, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) al 888-839-8682. Esta là ­nea se atiende en inglà ©s y en espaà ±ol y se ofrece informacià ³n sobre otros centros cercanos adonde se puede acudir para solicitar ayuda en la preparacià ³n de los exmenes de inglà ©s, historia y conocimientos cà ­vicos para sacar la ciudadanà ­a estadounidense por naturalizacià ³n. Recursos en là ­nea para preparar el examen para la ciudadanà ­a Los residentes permanentes que consideren que es suficiente si estudian por sà ­ mismos, pueden practicar el examen en la pgina de la organizacià ³n Citizenship Works o en la pgina de UScitizenshipsupport.com. En ambas pginas se informa sobre las 100 preguntas de conocimientos cà ­vicos e historia que pueden ser preguntadas y tambià ©n se brindan tips memorà ­sticas para facilitar recordar las respuestas correctas el dà ­a del examen. Tambià ©n se ofrece informacià ³n prctica sobre quà © esperar el dà ­a de la entrevista y examen. Asimismo, en la pgina del Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) se brinda material para practicar el examen cà ­vico y el de inglà ©s. Es de interà ©s verificar siempre esta pgina porque actualiza posibles cambios a las preguntas. Por ejemplo, los nombres del presidente, vicepresidente,  partido en el gobierno y representantes locales ante el Congreso. Informacià ³n prctica sobre el examen para ciudadanà ­a por naturalizacià ³n Como regla general, actualmente la cita para presentarse al examen de inglà ©s y conocimientos histà ³ricos y cà ­vicos tiene lugar entre 6 y 8 meses despuà ©s de la presentacià ³n de los papeles. El examen, salvo casos excepcionales por edad o enfermedad o discapacidad, deber rendirse siempre y en inglà ©s. El mismo dà ­a tiene lugar la entrevista.   Si el migrante reprueba el examen, deber repetirlo. USCIS enviar una carta con una nueva cita entre 60 y 90 dà ­as despuà ©s.  Si de nuevo reprueba, la peticià ³n de naturalizacià ³n se negar y se deber iniciar desde cero un nuevo proceso de naturalizacià ³n y pagar una nueva tarifa. Por el contrario, si el migrante pasa el examen y la entrevista, como regla general jurar como ciudadano estadounidense entre 1 y 4 semanas despuà ©s de haber aprobado dicho examen. Es recomendable no viajar fuera de Estados Unidos desde la fecha en la que se aprueba el examen y la de juramentacià ³n y, si se hace, que sea por un corto periodo de tiempo. Finalmente, a la hora de adquirir la nacionalidad americana es  importante conocer las ventajas y derechos que se adquieren con esta ciudadanà ­a. Uno de los beneficios no muy conocido es que en promedio los ciudadanos ganan a lo largo de su vida laboral un 11 por ciento ms que los residentes permanentes legales.   Tambià ©n se puede votar en elecciones federales. Para ejercer el derecho al voto es necesario registrarse previamente segà ºn las leyes del estado en el que se reside. Puntos Clave: clases gratis para la ciudadanà ­a por naturalizacià ³n. Los residentes permanentes legales pueden nacionalizarse y adquirir la ciudadanà ­a  estadounidense mediante el trmite de la naturalizacià ³n.Los exmenes de inglà ©s leà ­do y escrito y de conocimientos histà ³ricos y cà ­vicos es parte del trmite de naturalizacià ³n.Numerosas organizaciones brindan clases gratis para ayudar a los migrantes a aprobar dichos  exmenes.NALEO Educational Fund es la coordinara nacional de muchas de  esas organizaciones a travà ©s de la Campaà ±a Citizenship Works. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Climate change is man-made and governments should take measures to Essay

Climate change is man-made and governments should take measures to control it. To what extent do you agree with this claim - Essay Example Other interest groups, including environmentalists insist that climate change is purely attributed to the activities of man. This paper shall discuss the thesis that: climate change is man-made and governments should take measures to control it. The extent to which I agree with this claim will be assessed in this paper. Majority of the factors which contribute to climate change is man-made, and other factors are natural. Taken together, the impact of climate change is very much significant. Admittedly, the earth is warming, with most of the excess heat impacting our oceans. Our oceans serve as repository for our excess heat (Hansen, et.al., 2005). The oceans however generally have a significant capacity for absorbing heat and as such, the oceans are considered thermodynamically stable, not easily impacted by other elements. In order to effect change, any activity would have to include long-term and continuous phenomenon (Hansen, et.al., 2005). The warming of the earth is therefore being experienced over a prolonged and sustained period of time. Data supports the fact that the oceans are warming up and have gradually been warming up since the 1950s. Global warming is not caused by the increase in the internal geothermal natural heating or the heat from human activity (Willis, et.al., 2008). It is also not caused by external sources. The internal and external sources of heating have been discounted. A firm conclusion which can be drawn is that the increase in global temperature is caused by stored heat in the environment over a period of years. Any increase in the heat input would cause a rise in heat sent off into space. Such heat is not considered in measuring the increase in ocean temperature (Willis, et.al., 2008). In effect, the added source of heat needed to lead to global warming has to be higher that is considered and no source of additional

Transit Oriented Development, Cheltenham Racecourse Essay

Transit Oriented Development, Cheltenham Racecourse - Essay Example A new station will replace the old one and the location will be 200 meters from the present location moving south east. The new station will cater to the racecourse land which at present is not in use. The empty racecourse will be converted into a residential area of medium to high density population. The new station will be catering to a bigger area thus making the unused piece of land more alive. The proposal would include a children's playground and a pedestrian access to the train. Green space. with benches. that are arranged, would serve as the waiting area for the train commuters. A bicycle parking is also considered. Convenient stores are to be installed for a 24 hour services. A bus interchange coming from the Boulevards must be taken into consideration. Restrooms must be present in the area to encourage more commuters to use the station. Retail and commercial area would have a clear access from the Port road via Cheltenham Point and the residential area thereby, making it a friendly route thru a series of trees, landscape, walkable space with lushed trees that would serve as shade for walkers, thus bringing the site more closer and reachable making the area a site a more delightful place to live in. To meet the needs of the residents means providing them a safe and easily approachable setup thereby reducing their need to travel by cars. Creating a safe environment, is separating the rail line from the commercial and residential area with a screen of lined trees which will also reduce the noise that is generated by the traffic. There must be sufficient car parking and cycle parking near the retail area for the customers. In its zoning, the north side will be of mixed use and the south side is for retail, industrial and commercial purposes. There are major features of a Transit Oriented Development. These include the goals, and the mixed use of moderate to high density residential or commercial area, with close .proximity to public transport. It must be located with in 400 - 800 meter radius from the transit stop, and incorporates a design feature that encourages transit ridership, pedestrians and cyclists. In return, it would reduce car dependency, urban sprawl and traffic congestion that will assist in resolving global issues such as global warming and world oil depletion. Since Adelaide is one of the highest car dependent city in the world, transit oriented development will reduce the car dependency of the city. The reasons for car dependency is the lack efficient public transport and urban sprawl. Recent research had also shown that there is a strong link between the ease of use of public transport and the reduction of car dependency. Therefore, the low density suburbs and greater dispersion between employment reta il and service facilities make pedestrian accessibility and public transport less feasible. The key elements of TOD would be the mixed land use, pedestrian and cycling friendly design elements, and the convenience and efficiency of public transport system. These elements will contribute to the reduction of car usage. The methodology to be adopted in the implementation of TOD will be the reviewed literature on transit oriented development and the discussion of existing knowledge of the site. In the discussion of existing knowledge of the site, a review of current plans for site is necessary. Also included in the discussion is the examination of location of station with

Compose own question Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Compose own question - Literature review Example In general, this study presumes that the potential success of Shangri-la hotel was very much dependent on the company’s ability to meet the needs and wants of prospective clients. Therefore, this study aims to address the following research questions: (1) What are the branding strategies currently being used by Shangri-la hotel?; (2) How does Shangri-la hotel benefit from its branding strategies?; and (3) What is the significance of brand positioning and branding within the modern international tourism industry? Chapter II – Literature Review 2.1 Current Branding Strategies of Shangri-la Hotel First of all, it is essential to take note that the target customers of Shangri-la are the influential people who are able to pay first-rate price for its food and lodging services. Meaning, this particular hotel company has positioned its brand as one that offers luxury hotel products and services (Shangri-La, 2013a). This explains why Shangri-la continuously serve the best quali ty products and maintains its stylish, modern, and motivational architectural and interior design (Shangri-La, 2013c). As a result, Shangri-la created a competitive advantage which allows them to charge its customers with hotel accommodation fee much higher than the fee of other hotels worldwide (Schmitt and Rogers, 2008, p. 79). Generally, multinational companies such as Shangri-la uses a global advertising strategy as part of their global campaigns (Jiang and Wei, 2012). To establish and reinforce Shangri-la’s brand image, the top management of this particular hotel group uses either social networking sites or e-mail when advertising and promoting their special offers on bridal packages among others (Facebook, 2013). In some cases, Shangri-la has posted its special offers on bridal magazines (Shangri-La, 2013d). Customers’ satisfaction is strongly influenced by its brand image. In most cases, customers who are satisfied with what they receive from the hotel may end u p developing a stronger brand recognition and eventually remain loyal to the brand (Clottey, Collier and Stodnick, 2008). To bring high quality service, Shangri-la offers important training and development programme for the benefit of its employees (Shangri-La, 2013e). Not all people can afford the high price of Shangri-la’s accommodation rate. Associated to the brand of Shangri-la, this particular hotel company created a separate brand and eventually positioned it as a hotel that offers cheaper and more affordable rate for its hotel service (Kerry Hotels, 2013). For example, â€Å"Traders Hotel† was established to serve the lodging needs of the price-sensitive clients worldwide (Traders Hotels, 2013). To serve the Chinese community in Beijing, Shangri-la established the â€Å"Kerry Hotel† sometime in 2011 (Kerry Hotels, 2013). 2.2 Advantages of Shangri-La’s Existing Branding Strategies Advertising is necessary to create brand familiarity or make Shangri- la’s target customers feel special and associated with the brand (Fuchs, 2008). Often times, brand familiarity increases not only the customers’

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Essay Example for Free

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Essay Dr. avul Pakir Jainulabdeen abdul kalam was born on 15th october , 1931 at Dhanushkodi in Rameshwaram district of Tamilnadu. He did his secondary education at schwartz high school in Ramanathapuram ,B. Sc. at St . Josephs college ,Tiruchi and DMIT in Aeronautical Enginerring at the MIT^,Madras (chennai) during 1954 57. After passing out as a graduate aeronautical engineer Kalam joined ( Hindustan Aeronautics Limited) Banglore as a trainee , and later joined as a Techincal assistant in the directorate of Technical Development and Production of the Ministry of defence. In1960s kalam joined the Vikram Sarabhai Space Research center at Thumba in Kerala . he played a major role in developing the first indigenous satellite launched vehicle . in 1982,he rejoined DRDO as director and conceived the integrated Guided MIssile Development programme (IGMDP) for five indigenous missiles : Nag Prithvi ,Akash, Trishul ,AGNI. Dr. APJ. Abdul kalam has established an advance technology research center called Research Center Imarat to undertake development in futuristic missile technology areas . t was perhaps the most satisfying achivenent for Kalam during the missile years. Dr. Kalam has also servd as Principal Scientific Advisdor to the government of india during 25th novenber 1999-10 November 2001. Later , hequit the job and took over the job as distinguished professor at Anna University . on july 25,2002 , Dr . A. P. J Abdul Kalam was sw2orn in as the 12th president of india by chif Justice of India Shri B. N.  Kirpal in central hall of parliment at an impressive function telecaste live across the parliment at an impressive function telecaste live across the country Dr . Kalam took the oath in the name of God as a 21 -gun salute boomed in the background. Dr. Kalam a bachelor is connoisseur of classicalcarnatic music . he plays veena in his leisure. He write poetry in tamil , his mother -tongue . seventeen of him poems were translated into English and published in 1994 as a book entitled My journey. He reads the quran and the Bhagavad Gita with equal devotion . he is also New Millenium , wings of Fire ; An Autobiography and ignited Minds . Dr. kalam is by no means a miracle man . His advice to the youngster of the nation is to dream dream and convert these into thoughts and later into actions. people Also to think big. we are a nation of a billiuon people and we must thik like a nation of a billion people . only then can we become big.

The First World War and Womens Suffrage in Britain Essay -- Womens R

Outline A. Plan of Investigation B. Summary of Evidence C. Evaluation of Sources D. Analysis Works Cited A. Plan of Investigation The 19th century was an important phase for feminism in Britain. The suffrage movement began as a struggle to achieve equal rights for women in 1872. Women then became active in their quest for political recognition, which they finally obtained in 1928. This investigation assesses the question: To what extent did the First World War lead to the accomplishment of the women’s suffrage movement of Britain in 1928? Two of the sources used in the essay, The Women’s Suffrage: a short history of a great Movement by Millicent Garrett Fawcett, and The cause: a short history of the women's movement in Great Britain By Ray Strachey, are evaluated for their origin, purpose, value and limitations. This investigation will consider the role of women before, during, and after the war. B. Summary of Evidence The Women’s national movement, in the United Kingdom began in 1792, in response to female oppression and lack of rights. (Strachey, 12) The female society had narrow and futile lives, (Fawcett, 13) women had no place in national politics, and they were absolute to men and had no real standing of their own. (Fawcett, 15) Their justification of existence was to be wives, child bearers, and daughters of men. (Strachey, 16) For example, in 1832 the word ‘male’ was introduced instead of ‘person’ in the Reform act, showing the discrimination of females in the society. (Rover, 84) Women faced a bitter reality, thus sought ‘Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity† as claimed by Mary Wollstonecraft, whose book A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, expresses the feminist ideal and claim for human righ... ... Suffragettes: the Women's Social and Political Union, 1903-1918. Madison [N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson UP, 1999. Print. †¢ "Millicent Garrett Fawcett: Biography." Spartacus Educational. Web. 9 Dec. 2011. . †¢ "Ray Strachey: Biography." Spartacus Educational. Web. 09 Dec. 2011. . †¢ Bourke, Joanna. "Women on the Home Front in World War One." BBC News. BBC. Web. 15 Sept. 2011. . †¢ Rover, Constance. Women's Suffrage and Party Politics in Britain, 1866-1914. SPH, 1967. Print. †¢ Strachey, Ray. Cause: a Short History of the Women's Movement in Great Britain. London: Virago, 1988. Print. †¢ Pugh, Martin. Women and the Women's Movement in Britain, 1914-1999. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 2000. Print.

Christian Dating & Marriage Customs Essay

For Christians, searching for a lifetime partner is not an easy task, but if it is done properly and patiently, it can be very rewarding. Partners are sought after, of course, within the limited pool of Christianity. Often potential dates arise from acquaintances within the same church that men and women regularly visit. They may becomes friends later as a result of being actively involved in church activities, whether as volunteers during Sunday services, such as in the choir or Sunday school, or as outreach volunteers working to help the community. However, stronger ties bind two people together when they spend more time in situations that are challenging. Thus, for Christians, dating in a movie theatre is not recommended. Instead, spending time together serving the homeless in a shelter, for example, will be more productive in getting to know each other and building rapport. Once a couple is ready to get married, they will celebrate their union with spiritual rituals and customs during the wedding day. The seating of parents and grandparents as honored guests come first during the ceremony. Then it is followed by the Bridal Processional where the Minister, Groom, Bridesmaids, Groomsmen, Maid of Honor, Best Man, Flower Girl and Ring Bearer slowly enter. The Bride, together with her father, then marches in. Next, the minister leads the Call to Worship and Opening Prayer. The parents then give the Bride away and a Worship Song follows while the wedding couple moves to the stage and the Ring Bearer and Flower Girl sit together with their parents. The couple then proclaims their promises through the Charge, the Pledge and Wedding Vows. The rings are then exchanged and the Lighting of the Unity Candle comes next. Finally, through the Pronouncement, the couple is officially wed. They kiss and are presented by the Minister. Communion and a Closing Prayer may also be included before the Recessional, where the participants exit the stage, Groom and Bride first, followed by the Best Man and Maid of Honor, the Groomsmen and Bridesmaids, and the Ring Bearer and Flower Girl (Fairchild 2010). References Fairchild, Mary. (2010). â€Å"Christian Wedding Ceremony – A Complete Outline. † About. com.

“On the Waterfront” and the Music of Leonard Bernstein

Addam Farmer MUS 468I Written Project Professor Perry La Marca 3/19/2012 â€Å"On the Waterfront† and the Music of Leonard Bernstein (1954) â€Å"On the Waterfront† is a masterpiece film about a union man (Terry Malloy) whom makes an attempt to stand up to the corrupt mob bosses leading the Longshoremen’s Union. Just as important as the plot of the film is the music; the original score by Leonard Bernstein greatly influenced how other composers would approach film scoring.Bernstein combined the â€Å"American† characteristics of Aaron Copland’s music (disjunct melodies, wide intervals, small but colorful ensembles) with the dark and somewhat disturbing elements of modernism. Bernstein did not shy away from dissonance, and he also incorporated jazz elements (such as brass and rhythmic syncopation) into the equation. During the opening credits, we can hear a solo French horn followed by a small music ensemble. This is expected of the modernist techniq ue – to start off with one instrument followed by others mirroring the opening melody and/or providing contrapuntal contrast.What is amazing about â€Å"On the Waterfront† is not just the music itself –rather, it is the way in which Bernstein employs his music. The movie score is not wall-to-wall; there are long periods of silence in the film (other than sound effects and dialog. ) Strategic musical entrances and long periods of silence are carefully placed to help with the storytelling of the film. For instance, when the â€Å"non-corrupt† members of the Longshoremen’s Union meet in the Church to discuss their problems, there is no music.Suddenly, thrilling â€Å"danger† music begins to play, followed by the mobsters’ attempt to break up the union meeting. The corrupted mobsters begin to beat up the union members, showering them with intimidation. The placement of the music plays a vital role in this scene as the absence of the music symbolizes the absence of conflict. Another way Bernstein helped the film is through his utilization of various themes. The â€Å"Waterfront† theme serves as the frame of the musical score.Parts of the theme can be heard throughout the film, but the â€Å"Waterfront† theme is only heard in the complete form at the beginning and end of the film. There is also a love theme that acts as the catalyst for the portrayal of Edie and Terry’s chemistry. Lastly, the dominant theme in the film is the â€Å"Violence† theme, which is first heard in the second scene with the death of Joey. These themes help to distinguish the films elements: the love story between Edie and Terry, the violent nature of the corrupt union bosses, and the overall message of the film.The greatest point in the music occurs at the climax of the film, when Terry gets severely bruised and beaten by the union boss’s men. At this point, Bernstein utilizes the â€Å"Violence† theme surrounded by dissonance and jazz-style syncopated rhythms. Then, when we see Terry’s bloodied face, a plainer version of the â€Å"Violence† theme is heard in the woodwinds. The opening â€Å"Waterfront† theme is then heard by a solo horn after Terry asks the others to â€Å"Put me on my feet. † The horn is joined by an orchestra.The proceeding music follows the nationalistic, proud, â€Å"American† music style of Aaron Copland – Bernstein again shows the listeners where his own compositional influences come from. The grand performance of the theme suggests the unity of the union members standing up to the mob bosses. The theme also can suggest the courage held by the longshoremen as working citizens of American society. Leonard Bernstein was a musical genius in many different aspects. It is kind of a shame that â€Å"On the Waterfront† was his only original film score – even â€Å"West Side Story† was later adapted for film.His intelligent use of various themes coupled with his great sense for rests in the score create a mood that sucks the viewer into the world of Terry Malloy. His careful decisions concerning where to place the silences also help to surprise the viewers in a way that is conducive to the film; the viewer can’t help but wonder what will happen next. It is no wonder that Bernstein’s scoring for â€Å"On the Waterfront† was held in high esteem by the very composers that inspired him.

The Koster Site 9,000 Years on the Illinois River

The Koster Site 9,000 Years on the Illinois River The Koster site is an ancient, deeply buried archaeological site located on Koster Creek, a narrow tributary stream incised into the alluvial deposits of the lower Illinois River Valley. The Illinois River is itself a major tributary of the Mississippi River in central Illinois and the site lies only about 48 kilometers (30 miles) north of where Illinois meets the Mississippi today at the town of Grafton. The site is stunningly important in North American prehistory, for its well-preserved human occupations dating back nearly 9,000 years, and the impact of its discovery so deep within the alluvial fan. Chronology The following chronology is derived from Struever and Holton; the horizons were what was visible in the field, although later analysis proved there were 25 distinct occupations in Kosters stratigraphy. Horizon 1, Mississippian, AD 1000-1200Horizon 1b, Middle-Late Woodland (Black Sand phase), AD 400-1000Horizon 2, Early Woodland (Riverton), 200-100 BCHorizon 3, Late Archaic, 1500-1200 BCHorizon 4, Late Archaic, 2000 BCHorizon 5, Middle-Late ArchaicHorizon 6, Middle Archaic (Helton phase), 3900-2800 BC, 25 human burialsHorizon 7, Middle ArchaicHorizon 8, Middle Archaic, 5000 BCHorizon 9, Middle Archaic, 5800 BCHorizon 10 Early-Middle Archaic, 6000-5800 BCHorizon 11, Early Archaic, 6400 BC, 9 human burials, 5 dog burialsHorizon 12, Early ArchaicHorizon 13, Early Archaic (Kirk notched point), 7500-6700 BCHorizon 14, sterile At the surface, Koster covers an area of approximately 12,000 square meters (about 3 acres), and its deposits extend more than 9 meters (30 feet) into the rivers alluvial terraces. The site is at the contact between the limestone bluffs and upland loess plains to the east and the Illinois River floodplain to the west. Occupations present within the date of the deposit from Early Archaic through the Mississippian period, radiocarbon-dated to between about 9000 to 500 years ago. During most of the prehistoric occupation of the site, the Illinois River was located 5 km (3 mi) to the west with a seasonally fluctuating backwater Lake within one km (half-mile). Chert sources for making stone tools are in the nearby limestone bluffs lining the valley and included Burlington and Keokuk, sources which vary in quality from fine-grained to coarse-grained. Site Discovery In 1968, Stuart Struever was a faculty member in the anthropology department at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. He was a down-stater, however, having grown up far from Chicago in the small town of Peru, Illinois, and he never lost the ability to speak the language of the down-stater. And so it was that he made true friendships among the landowners of the Lowilva, the local name for the Lower Illinois Valley, where the Mississippi River meets Illinois. Among the life-long friends he made were Theodore Teed Koster and his wife Mary, retired farmers who just happened to have an archaeological site on their property, who just happened to be interested in the past. Struevers investigations (1969-1978) at Koster farm revealed not only the middle and early late Woodland materials reported by the Kosters but a stratified multi-component archaic period site of astonishing depth and integrity. Archaic Occupations at Koster Beneath the Koster farm lies evidence of 25 different human occupations, beginning with the early Archaic period, around 7500 BC, and ending with the Koster farm. Village after village, some with cemeteries, some with houses, beginning some 34 feet below the modern Koster farmstead. Each occupation was buried by the deposits of the river, each occupation leaving its mark on the landscape nonetheless. Probably the best-studied occupation to date (Koster is still the focus of many graduate theses) is the set of Early Archaic occupations known as Horizon 11, dated 8700 years ago. Archaeological excavations of Horizon 11 have revealed a thick midden of human occupation residues, basin-shaped storage pits and hearths, human graves, diverse stone, and bone tool assemblages, and floral and faunal remains resulting from human subsistence activities. Dates on Horizon 11 range from 8132-8480 uncalibrated radiocarbon years before the present (RCYBP). Also in Horizon 11 were the bones of five domesticated dogs, representing some of the earliest evidence for the domestic dog in the Americas. The dogs were purposefully buried in shallow pits and they are the earliest known dog burials in North America. The burials are essentially complete: all of them are adults, none exhibit evidence of burning or butchery marks. Impacts In addition to the vast amount of information garnered about the American Archaic period, the Koster site is also important for its long-term interdisciplinary research efforts. The site is located near the town of Kampsville, and Struever set up his lab there, now the Center for American Archaeology and a major center of archaeological research in the American Midwest. And, perhaps most importantly, the Northwestern University excavations at Koster proved that ancient sites could be preserved hidden deep beneath the valley floors of major rivers. Sources Boon AL. 2013. A Faunal Analysis of the Eleventh Horizon of the Koster Site (11GE4). California: Indiana University of Pennsylvania.Brown JA, and Vierra RK. 1983. What happened in the Middle Archaic? Introduction to an ecological approach to Koster Site archaeology. In: Phillips JL, and Brown JA, editors. Archaic Hunters and Gatherers in the American Midwest. New York: Academic Press. p 165-195.Butzer KW. 1978. Changing Holocene Environments at the Koster Site: A Geo-Archaeological Perspective. American Antiquity 43(3):408-413.Houart GL, editor. 1971. Koster: a stratified archaic site in the Illinois Valley. Springfield: Illinois State Museum.Jeske RJ, and Lurie R. 1993. The archaeological visibility of bipolar technology: An example from the Koster site. Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 18:131-160.Morey DF, and Wiant MD. 1992. Early holocene domestic dog burials from the North American Midwest. Current Anthropology 33(2):225-229.Struever S, and Antonelli HF. 2000. Koster: Ameri cans in Search of their Prehistoric Past. Long Grove, Illinois: Waveland Press. Wiant MD, Hajic ER, and Styles TR. 1983. Napoleon Hollow and Koster site stratigraphy: Implications for Holocene landscape evolution and studies of Archaic period settlement patterns in the Lower Illinois Valley. In: Phillips JL, and Brown JA, editors. Archaic Hunters and Gatherers in the American Midwest. New York: Academic Press. p 147-164.

Cigarette Addiction Essays

Cigarette Addiction Essays Cigarette Addiction Paper Cigarette Addiction Paper Cigarette Addiction Essay   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cigarette addiction is currently one of the most prevalent and destructive forms of substance abuse. The Centers for Disease Control claimed in 2001 that 440,000 Americans die of tobacco-related illnesses every year – more than World War II and the Vietnam War combined (MyAddiction, n. pag.). By 2008, about 1 out of 5 Americans are cigarette smokers, with 80% starting before they turn 18 years old (OncologyChannel, n. pag.). Despite these alarmingly high figures, smokers are still reaching for the pack. Most smokers want to quit, but their addiction to cigarettes holds them back (Pray, n. pag.). A single cigarette has more than 4,000 chemicals, most of which are highly poisonous and carcinogenic (Williams, n. pag.). The three major components of cigarettes are nicotine, tar and carbon monoxide (Williams, n. pag.). Nicotine is the substance that causes cigarette addiction – it releases neurotransmitters that increase heart rate, blood pressure and adrenaline (Williams, n. pag.). Tar is a toxic substance that, when inhaled, paralyzes the cilia (the tiny hairs on the lungs that protect it from dirt and infection) (Williams, n. pag.). Carbon monoxide is a very poisonous gas that reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood (Williams, n. pag.). Decreased oxygen in the blood causes the heart to overwork itself through excessive pumping (Williams, n. pag.). Cigarettes also include the following toxic components: benzene, formaldehyde, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, cadmium, acetone and arsenic (Williams, n. pag.). Hence, it is no longer surprising if cigarette smoking leads to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases such as lung cancer, emphysema, heart attack and stroke (Quit-Smoking Stop, n. pag.). Smoking among women has long been associated with premature delivery, miscarriages, infertility, low birth weight and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) (Health-Cares, n. pag.). Children of smokers are more prone to allergies, colds and earaches than children of non-smokers (Health-Cares, n. pag.). Secondhand smoke, meanwhile, can lead to asthma, lung cancer, nasal sinus cancer, middle-ear infections in children, miscarriages and cervical cancer (OCAT, n. pag.). In 2007, it was said that more Americans die of smoking every year than of alcohol, car crashes, suicide, AIDS, homicide and illegal drugs combined (OncologyChannel, n. pag.)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although nicotine is the main factor behind cigarette addiction, social factors also play a role. Some smokers consider smoking to be a social ritual, especially if they are surrounded with family, friends or co-workers who smoke as well (Tan, n. pag.). Other smokers who try to quit, meanwhile, may find themselves smoking when they are depressed, bewildered or angry (Tan, n. pag.). Smokers who have become so addicted to smoking may exhibit stimulus-response behavior – even if they are no longer addicted to nicotine, they smoke whenever they are faced with situations when they used to smoke, like smoking while driving on long roads or while drinking a cup of coffee (Tan, n. pag.). It also does not help that cigarette advertisements glorify cigarettes and smoking as a solution to a problem or an indicator of masculinity or good taste (Tan, n. pag.). The last factor has prompted France in 2007 to completely ban tobacco advertisements o n its media outlets, limit smoking in public establishments and remove tobacco from its Consumer Price Index (CPI) (Tan, n. pag.). As a result, France’s smoking rates for that year was reduced to 7% (Tan, n. pag.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cigarette addiction, just like all other forms of substance abuse, may be pleasurable at first. But in the long run, it is very harmful, and, in the end, fatal. But akin to other types of substance dependency, the first step in overcoming cigarette addiction is for a person to acknowledge that he or she is experiencing a dependency on cigarettes. He or she must then accept the fact that he or she caused his addiction, not other people. A person may blame the whole world for his or her being hooked on cigarettes. But at the end of the day, it is still him or her who will die from his or her addiction. Pray, Dale. â€Å"Quit Smoking Cigarettes†¦Information about Tobacco.† n.d. Cigarette   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Addiction. 13 May 2008 megalink.net/~dale/quitcigs.html. Tan, Michael. â€Å"Thank You for Not Smoking.† 25 May 2007. Daily. 13 May 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://daily.rsi.sg/story.php?cat=11id=62. â€Å"Harmful Effects of Smoking.† 2007. Quit-Smoking Stop. 13 May 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   quit-smoking-stop.com/harmful-smoking-effects.html. â€Å"Second-Hand Smoke.† n.d. Ontario Campaign for Action on Tobacco (OCAT). 13 May   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2008 ocat.org/healtheffects/index.html. â€Å"Smoking: Facts.† 7 February 2008. OncologyChannel. 13 May 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   oncologychannel.com/smoking/facts.shtml. â€Å"Tobacco, Smoking and Nicotine Addiction: Statistics and Facts.† 2008. MyAddiction.com. 13 May 2008 myaddiction.com/education/articles/tobacco_statistics.html. â€Å"Tobacco Use in the United States.† PDF File. n.d. National Tobacco Cessation Collaborative   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (NTCC). 13 May 2008 www.tobacco-cessation.org/PDFs/Use_in_US.pdf. â€Å"Women’s Health and Smoking.† 2005. Health-Cares.net. 13 May 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://mens-health.health-cares.net/smoking-women-health.php. Williams, Monica. â€Å"What’s in a Cigarette? Chemical Components and the Effects on Your   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Body.† 2008. Epigee Women’s Health. 13 May 2008 epigee.org/smoke-components.html.

5 Myths Stopping You From Getting Promoted

5 Myths Stopping You From Getting Promoted You know you deserved that promotion, and probably the one before that. People who are newer to the company and not getting the same results you are seem to be getting all of the recognition while you feel left behind. How can you get noticed by the higher-ups doing the noticing? Here are 5 myths you need to debunk right away if getting a promotion is your end goal. 1. Everybody knows you’re  a hard worker.Just because you work hard, doesn’t mean people notice. And certainly not higher-ups who may not interact with you on a daily basis. For all you know, a middle manager could be taking all the credit that should be yours. Find a way to let your boss know when you score big or do especially well. Toot your own horn. Don’t be a braggart, but play it smart. They’ll never reward your hard work if they don’t know about it.2. Your boss knows you  want to be promoted.If you haven’t told your boss explicitly what your ambitions are, and how youà ¢â‚¬â„¢d like to move up in your field, then chances are good she doesn’t know. Not everybody wants to use every job as a springboard higher up the ladder. Some people are quite content to stay in one position for a decade or two. Make your wishes known and ask your boss for her help in your career development. She’ll be flattered and she’ll know exactly what you want when new opportunities open up.3. Your friend would never go after something  you want so much.It’s lovely to have close friends among our colleagues. But keep in mind, this is their livelihood too. Just because you’re pals doesn’t mean your pal won’t throw their hat in the same ring after your coveted promotion. It’s business, after all. Keep your eyes open and don’t miss any chances.4. HR posts all the openings.Sometimes, positions open up and are filled before HR has the chance to make it public. Keep your ear to the ground and pay attention when peopl e in other departments are chatting about their teams. If you hear of someone about to leave, or applying out or up, get on putting yourself out there to replace them before someone else does.5. You’re not supposed be involved  with other departments.If you’ve struck up an interest or affinity with another department or another manager, that’s fine. As long as your work is getting done- and well- there’s no problem pitching in and helping out. That’s a great way to position yourself should any openings come up in that department. Your boss will be fine with it, provided you don’t let it interfere with your work for her and in your current department.Make sure you’re in the game before you complain about being left out of it.